الاثنين، 24 يوليو 2023

The oldest newspapers in Egypt

 The Memory of Modern Egypt website has finished preparing a huge press archive for the most important Egyptian newspapers for more than a hundred years. Through a tour of the press archive available on the site, the browser can take a look at Egypt and its conditions through its various news; And the many articles written by senior writers, artists, politicians and economists.



Abu Zamara newspaper

The site also includes funny news and sarcastic names about the state of Egypt during the British occupation of it. Many newspapers, some of us have heard of it, and many do not know anything about it. During a tour of the site, you can browse more than ten thousand published articles and news, including complete and rare newspapers, including the newspaper Abu Nazara Zarqa, the first Egyptian comic newspaper founded by Jacob Sanua in 1877.


Abu glasses comic newspaper


Dr. Khaled Azab, the supervisor of the site, confirmed that the site contains many newspapers and magazines through which we read the reality of Egypt for a hundred years and more, in addition to a large group of first issues of some newspapers, including Al-Waqee’ Al-Masrya, Al-Ahram, Al-Akhbar, Al-Jumhuriya, Al-Mahrousa, Minbar Al-Sharq, and Al-Saiqa, which is a newspaper specialized by civil courts to publish judicial announcements.


The first issue of Al-Ahram newspaper


He added that among the news published in 1917 was the news of generalizing primary education in the Egyptian country and making education compulsory, in addition to the press coverage of the events of World War I (1914-1918) and the vision of politicians, economists and thinkers of the events of the war during its outbreak, and a very important article by the Dean of Arabic Literature, Dr. And there is no school in charge of teaching these antiquities and models. He explained that what the Ministry of Education is doing in terms of teaching the hieroglyphic language in secondary schools as an activity subject is useless due to the lack of follow-up and the lack of available capabilities to visit the antiquities and study them carefully and carefully.

Azab referred to another article by Dr. Taha Hussein as well, in which he calls for the teaching of hieroglyphs, Coptic, Greek and other unused languages so that those working in antiquities can learn about the civilization of other arts, and he is surprised that foreigners are more interested in their civilization than Egyptians.

He hinted that the site includes many articles by Imam Muhammad Abdo and Jamal al-Din al-Afghani dealing with their reformist and enlightening thoughts. And articles by some artists, most notably an article by George Abyad, Dawlat Abyad, and a press interview with the dean of theater Youssef Wehbe, the artist Amina Rizk and Suleiman Naguib, and the musician Muhammad Abdel-Wahhab.

It is noteworthy that the site includes some distinguished press coverage of some events, including the events of the Egyptian delegation's visit to the peace conference to demand the independence of Egypt, the promulgation of the 1923 constitution and the signing of the 1936 treaty, the Cairo fire on July 26, 1952, the tripartite aggression against Egypt in October 1956, the setback of June 5, 1967, the unity between Egypt and Syria, the October 1973 war, and Sadat's visit to Jerusalem.

Royal mummies procession

 




The royal mummies procession is a global event that took place on Saturday, April 3, 2021, which includes the departure of 22 royal mummies from the Egyptian Museum located in Tahrir Square in the center of the Egyptian capital, Cairo, to their new location at the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization in Fustat, east of Cairo.


The mummies date back to the eras of families from the seventeenth to the twentieth, and among them are the mummies of kings Ramesses II, Seqnan Ra, Thutmose III, Seti I, Ramses IX, Ramesses VI, Ramesses V, Thutmose III, Queen Hatshepsut, Queen Meret Amun, wife of King Amenhotep I, and Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, wife of King Ahmose I.


The entire ceremony was shown on the YouTube channel of the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities.


Itinerary

The procession began moving from the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir Square, then passed in front of the obelisk of King Ramses II in Tahrir Square, then headed to Simon Bolivar Square in Garden City, then to the Nile Corniche until it reached Qasr al-Aini, and from there to the wall of the stream of eyes, then to the Nilometer in the kindergarten, then to Fustat, to the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, where the mummies will be displayed.


Mummies take part in the procession

The number of mummies participating in the procession reached 22 royal pharaonic mummy, eighteen mummies of kings and four mummies of queens, and the chariots transporting them moved in the order of the rule of kings as follows:


King Saqnun Ra Taa

Queen Ahmose-Nefertari

King Amenhotep the First

Queen Meritamun

King Thutmose I

King Thutmose II

King Hatshepsut

King Thutmose III

King Amenhotep II

King Thutmose IV

King Amenhotep III

Queen T

King Seti I

King Ramses II

King Merneptah

King Seti II

King Siptah

King Ramses III

King Ramses IV

King Ramses V

King Ramses VI

King Ramses IX

Events

The parade began at eight o'clock in the evening (6 o'clock in the evening GMT) with musical and light shows in the areas of the procession's passage. The convoy presented motorcycles, as the journey of about seven kilometers began between the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir Square and the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization in Fustat. The mummies proceeded according to the chronological order of the reigns of kings and queens, as previously, and King Saqnan Ra of the seventeenth Egyptian dynasty led the procession of kings, and King Ramesses IX of the twentieth Egyptian dynasty was behind him.


The mummies were carried on carts decorated with pharaonic drawings and inscriptions, and equipped with an atmosphere containing nitrogen, so that the mummies were in conditions suitable for transportation, and each cart bore the name of the king in it in Arabic, English, and Egyptian hieroglyphs. Under heavy security, the procession left a century-old museum, accompanied by extras in pharaonic costume and chariots, to the beat of a brass band and to the backdrop of symphonic music. The Pharaonic chariots arrived at the new museum near 8:30 pm, and the artillery fired twenty-one rounds, and they were received by President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi. The procession took about 40 minutes, covering seven kilometers.


The ceremony included musical performances by Egyptian artists. "The whole world will see this royal procession," Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass told AFP. "Forty minutes will be important in the life of the city of Cairo." Before the start of the show, the celebrations opened with a song by Egyptian singer Mohamed Mounir, and Egyptian actors, including Ahmed Helmy, Mona Zaki and Tunisian Hind Sabry, read texts about Egyptian civilization. Earlier in the evening, President El-Sisi visited the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, accompanied by Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly and UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay, to view some of the collections.


Preparations for the procession took a total of four months.


Speech of the President of the Republic

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi wrote on Twitter on this occasion: “With great pride, I look forward to receiving the kings and queens of Egypt after their journey from the Egyptian Museum in Liberation to the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization. This majestic scene is new evidence of the greatness of this people, the guardian of this unique civilization that extends in the depths of history.”


He added, “I invite all Egyptian women, men and women, and the whole world to follow this unique event, inspired by the spirit of the great ancestors, who preserved the homeland and created a civilization that all humanity can be proud of, so that we can complete our path that we started… the path of construction and humanity.”


the goal

The event aims to promote tourism, culture and security, and to heal the wounds of the Egyptian revolution in 2011. Salima Ikram, a professor of Egyptology at the American University in Cairo, who specializes in mummification, told AFP (AFP): “The new building that provided the mummies aims to display them in better conditions. The mummies will be displayed in more modern boxes for better control of temperature and humidity compared to the old museum.” The Director-General of UNESCO, Audrey Azoulay, the former French Minister of Culture, said during an official visit to Egypt, “Seeing the procession of these mummies entering the new National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, and knowing that they have become more accessible to the world from now on, is the culmination of the relentless efforts aimed at preserving and displaying them in a better way.” It was behind the drafting of the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of World Heritage concluded in 1972.».


The mummies will be presented individually alongside their coffins, simulating the underground tombs of kings, accompanied by biographies and x-rays of some of them. Zahi Hawass, the Egyptian Egyptologist, says: “The mummies will be presented for the first time in a beautiful way, for educational purposes and not for the sake of excitement.” According to him, “the frightening appearance of mummies was a reason in the past for few visits, and he says, “I will never forget when I took (Princess) Margaret, Queen Elizabeth II's sister, to the museum: she closed her eyes and ran away.

الاثنين، 18 مايو 2020

What do you know about the secrets of the pharaohs





- The rule of the Egyptian pharaohs, Egypt, for nearly 3000 years, and left behind a rich legacy of art, science and architecture, as well as myths. Ancient Egypt left behind many secrets, which scholars have not deciphered until this time .. These are some of the confusing secrets of the Egyptian civilization. Old ...


Who built the Sphinx and why?

The Sphinx is the most mystifying puzzle of history among archaeologists and the whole world throughout history. It sits there on the Giza Plateau as if it carries all the secrets of the abysmal time. And for what purpose? How long has he been sitting there? !
Although some scholars believe that the Sphinx represents the face of King (Khufu), who ruled ancient Egypt between (2558 - 2532 BC), there is a lot of evidence that attributes the construction of the Sphinx to the Egyptian pharaoh "Khafre Khafre" during a period He ruled in the Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt (2520 - 2494 BC), and Khafra was the son of King Khufu, the owner of the Great Pyramid of Giza.


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And Khufu had another son called "Judd Ra," from his second wife. Some scholars believed that "Judd Ra," brother of "Khafra", was the one who ordered the construction of "Sphinx", but that theory does not have many reasons for "Judge Ra" He tried to usurp power after the death of his father, so he was an outcast, and he couldn't have the power at the time to order the construction of a statue like the Sphinx